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1989 is the fifth studio album by American singer-songwriter , released on October 27, 2014, by . Inspired by 1980s , Swift conceived 1989 to recalibrate her artistry to after critics disputed her status as a musician when she released the cross-genre (2012) to . She titled 1989 after her birth year as a symbolic artistic rebirth and enlisted , who produced Red's -influenced pop tracks, as co-executive producer.
Swift recorded 1989 at studios across the United States, the United Kingdom, and Sweden with an ensemble including Martin, , , , , and . The synth-pop production is characterized by pulsing , , and processed backing vocals with elements, a stark contrast to the arrangements of Swift's past albums. The songs expand on Swift's autobiographical songwriting and explore failed romance from a lighthearted perspective.
Swift and Big Machine promoted 1989 extensively through tie-ins and media endorsements but withheld the album from free , which prompted an industry discourse on the impact of streaming. To support the album, Swift embarked on , which was the highest-grossing tour of 2015. Among seven released, three peaked atop the US : "", "", and "". 1989 spent 11 weeks atop the and was certified by the (RIAA). It has sold over 10 million copies worldwide and was in many countries.
When 1989 was first released, music critics generally complimented its production as catchy; they found an emotional engagement in its songwriting but some felt the synth-pop production eroded Swift's artistic integrity—a criticism that journalists and academics retrospectively regarded as . 1989 won and at the , and it was listed in all-time album rankings by and . Critics and academics have considered 1989 an album that transformed Swift's status to a and promoted , but they also highlighted the media scrutiny that ensued. Following a of Swift's back catalog, she 1989 and released it as on October 27, 2023.